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To completely eliminate this danger, in 2003 NASA dropped the last bit of fuel from the spacecraft into Jupiter's atmosphere. At a speed of 30 miles per second, Galileo exploded within seconds.
NASA repeated this protective-month scenario after 14 years. Missionary Cassini studied orbits Saturn and Satellites from 2004 to 2017 in orbit. As fuel shortage began in September 2017, Cassini operators intentionally jumped into the atmosphere of Saturn.
Mars is the target of seven active missions, including two quests, opportunity and curiosity. On November 26, NASA's InSight mission is scheduled to land on Mars, and Mars will measure the internal structure of the universe. The European Space Agency's ExoMars and NASA Mars 2020 probes will be launched in 2020 and are designed to find traces of life on Mars.
Robot rover is less likely to be contaminated by Mars. All the spacecraft that plan to land must undergo strict sterilization procedures prior to launch. These rovers have very few microbial stunts.
All the terrestrial creatures that can ride on the outside of the probe will have a very hard time surviving the half-year journey from Earth to Mars. The vacuum of space exposed to harsh X-rays, ultraviolet and cosmic rays will almost certainly disinfect the appearance of the ship to Mars.
Bacteria that sneak into one of Robert can survive on Mars. However, if escaped, a thin Mars atmosphere would not provide substantial protection from high energy sterilization radiation from space. The bacterium is likely to die immediately. Because of this harsh environment, if there is life on Mars, it must be hidden under the earth's surface. Some Mars probes could not explore the caves or dig deep holes to find possible Mars microbes.
Until now, Mars has been limited to unmanned vehicles, so this planet can be free from land contamination.
But when Earth sends an astronaut to Mars, it will travel with life support, energy supply systems, habitats, 3D printers, food and tools. None of these materials can be sterilized in the same way as spaceships. Human colonists produce waste, grow food, and use machinery to extract water from the ground and the atmosphere. If you live on Mars, human colonists will pollute the planet.
All attempts to obtain evidence of past or present life on Mars before a future mission to Mars, including man, are essential. What we discover can affect decisions about whether to send colonists.
Even if you ignore or do not care about the risk of human existence on Mars life, the problem of putting Mars life back on Earth has serious social, legal and international effects that are worth discussing before it is too late.
What are the risks to the Earth's environment and human health? Which country or group has the right to risk all life on earth?
NASA's Mars 2117 Project, SpaceX, Hwaseong Circle, and Blue Origin already have plans to transport colonists to Mars to build the city.
• Weintraub is a professor of astronomy at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. This article first appeared on www.theconversation.com.
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